ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia is associated with many complicated pathophysiological and biochemical processes that integrated and regulated via the key gene, protein and endogenous metabolite levels. Up to date, the exact molecular mechanism of hypoxia still remains unclear. In this work, we further explore the molecular mechanism of hypoxia and adaption to attenuate the damage in zebrafish model that have potential to resist hypoxic environment. METHODS The hypoxic zebrafish model was established in different concentration of oxygen with 3%,5%,10%,21% in water. The brain tissue was separated and the RNA-seq was used to identify the differentially expressed genes. The related endogenous metabolites profiles were obtained by LC-HDMS, and the multivariate statistics was applied to discover the important metabolites candidates in hypoxic zebrafish. The candidates were searched in HMDB, KEGG and Lipid Maps databases. RESULTS The zebrafish hypoxic model was successfully constructed via the different concentration of oxygen, temperature and hypoxic time. The activities of the related hypoxic metabolic enzymes and factors including HIF-1a, actate dehydrogenase (LDH) and citrate synthase (CS) were evaluated. Significant differences (P<0.05 and fold change >2) in the expression of 422 genes were observed between the normal and 3% hypoxic model. Among them, 201 genes increased depended on the lower concentration of oxygen. 53 metabolites were identified that had significant difference between the hypoxia and control groups (P<0.05, fold change>1.5 and VIP>1.5). The ten key metabolites were increased gradually while six compounds were decreased. The endogenous hypoxic metabolites of phenylalanine, D-glucosamine-6P and several important lipids with the relevant hub genes had similar change in hypoxic model. In addition, the metabolic pathways of phenylalanine, glutamine and glycolipid were influenced in both the levels of genes and metabolites. CONCLUSION The up- regulation of phenylalanine, D- glucosamine- 6P and lipid may have further understanding of protective effect in hypoxia. Our data provided an insight to further reveal the hypoxia and adaptation mechanism.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyse the retrobulbar haemodynamic changes after vitrectomy in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Methods Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) was used for measurement of blood flow velocities including peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EVD) and resistive indexes (RI) of the ophthalmic artery (OA), posterior ciliary arteries (sPCA) and central retinal artery (CRA) in 50 eyes of 50 patients with RRD. In them 22 eyes were filled with silicone oil, 28 eyes were filled with 12%C3F8 and 22 eyes were operated to remove silicone oil after filled with silicone oil for 2-4 months, and then CDFI parameters were obtained. The contralateral eyes were used as control eyes before and after the operation. Results There were no significant differences in CRA and sPCA, and PSV, EDV and RI before treatment between RD and OA eyes and control eyes (P>0.05). PSV and EVD of CRA were significantly increased 3 months after surgery, RI were decreased significantly (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in blood flow parameters of OA and sPCA before and after surgeries (P>0.05). No changes were found in control eyes 3 months after surgery. Conclusion VRS might increase the velocity of CRA, decrease RI and improve ocular blood supply postoperatively.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyse the retrobulbar haemodynamic changes after vitrectomy in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Methods Color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) was used for measurement of blood flow velocities including peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EVD) and resistive indexes (RI) of the ophthalmic artery (OA), posterior ciliary arteries (sPCA) and central retinal artery (CRA) in 50 eyes of 50 patients with RRD. In them 22 eyes were filled with silicone oil, 28 eyes were filled with 12%C3F8 and 22 eyes were operated to remove silicone oil after filled with silicone oil for 2-4 months, and then CDFI parameters were obtained. The contralateral eyes were used as control eyes before and after the operation. Results There were no significant differences in CRA and sPCA, and PSV, EDV and RI before treatment between RD and OA eyes and control eyes (P>0.05). PSV and EVD of CRA were significantly increased 3 months after surgery, RI were decreased significantly (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in blood flow parameters of OA and sPCA before and after surgeries (P>0.05). No changes were found in control eyes 3 months after surgery. Conclusion VRS might increase the velocity of CRA, decrease RI and improve ocular blood supply postoperatively.